Western Hemlock • Alnus rhombifolia

In early to mid Spring, as temperature begin to warm, Western Hemlock produces new growth in the form of fresh, light green needles that emerge from the tips of its branches. Male and female cones develop during this time. Male cones release pollen, which is carried by the wind to fertilize the female cones either on the same tree or a nearby neighbor.

Summer is when the canopy of Western Hemlock is at its fullest, as the warm weather and sunshine aid the further development of new growth. Fertilized female cones fully develop into the distinctive light brown cones that the species is known for. 

In the fall, needles that are on their way out gain a yellow hue, eventually turning brown before fall to the ground. Female cones have fully matured and open, dispersing their seeds. 

Winter months are when evergreens like Western Hemlock shine the most, as they retain their beautiful dark and light green coloring as their growth slows and they begin light hibernation.

Western Hemlock is a great example of trees that are planted with future generations in mind, as it is relatively slow growing. Plant it in areas that receive a good amount of shade, although it can tolerate full sun if given adequate water. It prefers well-draining soil that's acidic, with a soil ph range between 4.5 and 6.0.

Remember that Western Hemlocks are best suited for larger landscapes or areas where they can stretch out, as they can grow quite tall and wide. Also keep in mind that planting any evergreen next to an area with sidewalks, patios, driveways, or structures will mean added seasonal cleanup to your list of chores.

They are best planted in the Spring, as they can be sensitive to cold winter temperatures, especially as a sapling or young tree. 

When planting for hedges, space trees about 1-2 feet apart. For individual tree plantings, it's best to plant them at least 15 feet apart, possibly more (remember they reach out far!)